ADAMTS13 activity may predict the cumulative survival of patients with liver cirrhosis in comparison with the Child-Turcotte-Pugh score and the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score.

Abstract

Aim: Decreased plasma ADAMTS13 activity (ADAMTS13:AC) results in accumulation of unusually large von Willebrand factor multimers and platelet thrombi formation. Our aim was to evaluate whether ADAMTS13:AC is a prognostic marker in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: Plasma ADAMTS13:AC and its related parameters were examined in 108 cirrhotic patients. Results: ADAMTS13:AC decreased as the severity of liver disease increased (means: controls 100%, Child A-cirrhotics 79%, Child B-cirrhotics 63%, and Child C-cirrhotics 31%). ADAMTS13:AC markedly decreased in the cirrhotics with hepatorenal syndrome, refractory ascites and hepatic encephalopathy. The cumulative survival time was the shortest (median: 4.5 months) in the cirrhotics with severe to moderate ADAMTS13:AC deficiency (<3-25%), followed by those with mild ADAMTS13:AC deficiency (25-50%), and was the longest in those with normal activity (>50%). In contrast, based on the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, Child C-cirrhotics had the worst survival, but the survival probabilities did not differ between Child A and B cirrhotics. Based on the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, the survival was the worst for the cirrhotics in the fourth quartile, but it was not different among cirrhotics in the first three quartiles. Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis showed that ADAMTS13:AC and serum albumin were independent factors affecting the survival. Conclusions: ADAMTS13:AC concomitantly decreases as the functional liver capacity decreases. This activity may be a useful prognostic marker that is equal or superior to the CTP score and the MELD score to predict not only the short-term prognosis but also the long-term survival of the cirrhotic patients.